Fig 1: SNRPA regulates the proliferation and migration of HCC cells. (A) SNRPA mRNA expression was greater in HCC cells than in the normal liver cells. (B, C) The shSNRPA with lentiviral transfection were transfected into HepG2 (B) and Huh7 (C) cell lines. (D, E) Cell proliferation of HepG2 (D) and Huh7 (E) cells with shNC and shSNRPA were assessed by CCK-8 assays. (F, G) Representative images and quantified analysis of transwell assays in HepG2 (F) and Huh7 (G) cells with shNC and shSNRPA. (H, I) Cell cycle distribution of HepG2 (H) and Huh7 (I) cells with shNC and shSNRPA were assessed by flow cytometry. (J, K) Cell apoptosis rate of HepG2 (J) and Huh7 (K) cells with shNC and shSNRPA were determined by flow cytometry. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. ns: no statistically significant.
Fig 2: Analysis of co-expressed genes with SNRPA in HCC. (A) 86 overlapping co-expressed genes with SNRPA were identified from the three databases. (B) The PPI network showed that the SNRPD1, SNRPB, SNRPG, SNRPF, PRPF31, and SNRNP70 protein directly interact with SNRPA. (C) Correlation of SNRPA mRNA levels with SNRPB (a), SNRPD1 (b), SNRPF (c), SNRPG (d), PRPF31 (e), and SNRNP70 (f) mRNA levels. (D) Associations between SNRPB (a), SNRPD1 (b), SNRPF (c), SNRPG (d), PRPF31 (e), and SNRNP70 (f) mRNA levels and the OS of HCC patients.
Fig 3: Aberrant DNA methylation level contributed to dysregulation of SNRPA expression in HCC patients. (A) The SNRPA-related methylated CpG sites in HCC was shown in the heat map. (B, C) The correlation between SNRPA mRNA expression and cg04274340 (B) and cg16596691 (C) methylation status. (D, E) The methylation status of cg16596691 gradually decreased as the tumor stage (D) and grade level increased (E). (F) The prognostic significance of the methylation status of cg16596691 for HCC was assessed by the ROC curve. (G) Hypomethylation of cg16596691 correlated with poorer OS in HCC.
Fig 4: Association analysis of SNRPA mRNA expression and immune infiltration. (A) Estimation of fractions of immune cells of each tissue, where different colors represented different immune cells. (B) The heatmap showing the difference in immune cells infiltration between the high and low SNRPA expression group. (C) The comparison of estimated fractions of 22 immune cells between the high and low SNRPA expression group. (D) The correlation between SNRPA expression and 22 immune cells in HCC using ssGSEA with Spearman r analysis. (E) The correlation of SNRPA mRNA expression with immune infiltration level of (a) T cells CD8, (b) T cells follicular helper, (c) T cells regulatory, (d) Macrophages M0, (e) T cells CD4 memory restir, (f) NK cells resting, (g) Monocytes, (h) Mast cells resting. ns, no statistically significant.
Fig 5: The prognostic value of the SNRPA protein levels in patients with early-stage subgroups. (A–C) In stage I+II (A), grade I+II (B), and median/high differentiation subgroups (C), higher SNRPA protein expression significantly correlated with shorter OS. (D–F) In stage I+II (D), grade I+II (E), and median/high differentiation subgroups (F), higher SNRPA protein expression significantly correlated with shorter RFS. (G, H) In tumor size = 5cm (G), AFP =400 ng/ml (H) subgroups, higher SNRPA protein expression correlated with poor OS. (I) There was no correlation between the SNRPA protein expression and OS in the Child-Pugh class A subgroup. (J–L) In tumor size = 5cm (J), AFP =400 ng/ml (K), and Child-Pugh class A (L) subgroup, RFS did not significantly differ between the high and low SNRPA protein expression groups.
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